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Identification of E2 with improved secretion and immunogenicity against CSFV in piglets
Huiling Xu1,2, Yanli Wang1,2, Guangwei Han1,2
1Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences of Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
BMC Microbiology
|February 6, 2020
Summary
A new Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) E2 subunit vaccine, E2ZJ, offers improved immunogenicity and safety. A single low dose protects pigs against lethal CSFV challenge, presenting a cost-effective control strategy.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Immunology
- Vaccine Development
Background:
- Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) outbreaks cause significant economic losses.
- Live attenuated vaccines have limitations in differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA).
- CSFV subunit vaccines offer advantages in DIVA and safety but face challenges with yield and cost.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a cost-effective and efficacious E2 subunit vaccine candidate for CSFV.
- To select an optimal E2 sequence and signal peptide for enhanced secretion and immunogenicity.
Main Methods:
- Identification and characterization of a novel CSFV E2 sequence (E2ZJ) from an epidemic strain.
- Selection of a signal peptide (SPZJ) to enhance E2 secretion in a baculovirus system.
- Evaluation of immunogenicity and protective efficacy in mice and piglets.
Main Results:
- E2ZJ, guided by SPZJ, showed significantly enhanced secretion (>50%) compared to other signal peptides.
- E2ZJ elicited earlier and higher levels of CSFV antibodies and neutralizing immunity in mice.
- A single 5 μg dose of E2ZJ in piglets induced protective immunity and provided 100% protection against lethal CSFV challenge.
Conclusions:
- E2ZJ, with the novel SPZJ signal peptide, demonstrates superior secretion and immunogenicity over conventional E2 vaccines.
- A single, low dose of E2ZJ is sufficient for effective CSFV protection in piglets, offering a promising vaccine strategy.
