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Related Experiment Videos

Pneumococcal vaccination in splenectomized patients with hematological disorders.

R Lindblad1, B Kaijser, B Magnusson

  • 1Department of Medicine, Ostra Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Acta Medica Scandinavica
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Splenectomized patients should receive pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (Pneumovax). While most non-malignant cases responded well, those with malignant disorders showed a reduced antibody response, necessitating careful consideration.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Splenectomy increases susceptibility to encapsulated bacteria, particularly Streptococcus pneumoniae.
  • Pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for asplenic individuals to prevent severe infections.
  • The immune response to pneumococcal vaccines in splenectomized patients with various underlying conditions requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the immunogenicity of Pneumovax in splenectomized patients.
  • To compare vaccine response rates across different patient subgroups: malignant hematological disorders, non-malignant hematological disorders, and no hematological disorder (including intra-abdominal carcinomas and other surgical reasons).

Main Methods:

  • Seventy splenectomized patients were vaccinated with Pneumovax.

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  • Patients were categorized into three main groups based on their medical history.
  • Antibody titers were measured post-vaccination to assess immune response.

    • Main Results:

    • Approximately 90% of patients with non-malignant hematological disorders showed a significant antibody response.
    • Patients with malignant hematological disorders had a lower response rate (61-67%).
    • Patients with intra-abdominal carcinomas responded less frequently, while those with other surgical reasons for splenectomy had a response comparable to healthy individuals.

    Conclusions:

    • All splenectomized patients should be vaccinated with pneumococcal vaccines.
    • The immune response varies significantly based on underlying conditions, particularly malignant hematological disorders.
    • A notable proportion (one-third) of patients with malignant disease may not respond adequately to vaccination, requiring ongoing monitoring.