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Asthma epidemiology and risk factors
Jessica Stern1,2, Jennifer Pier1,2, Augusto A Litonjua3,4
1Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
Seminars in Immunopathology
|February 6, 2020
Summary
Asthma prevalence has plateaued globally, though it continues to rise in some regions. This review examines current asthma trends and associated risk factors, exploring geographical variations in prevalence.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Asthma is a widespread respiratory condition affecting all ages.
- Global asthma prevalence increased significantly last century.
- Recent trends show a plateau or decrease in some regions, contrasting with continued rise elsewhere.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent global trends in asthma prevalence.
- To investigate recent studies on asthma risk factors.
- To explore potential explanations for geographical variations in asthma rates.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent epidemiological studies.
- Analysis of global asthma prevalence data.
- Synthesis of research on asthma risk factors.
Main Results:
- Asthma prevalence has stabilized globally but shows regional disparities.
- Various risk factors are linked to asthma, potentially explaining prevalence differences.
- Continued increase in some populations warrants further investigation.
Conclusions:
- Understanding current asthma trends and risk factors is crucial.
- Geographical variations in prevalence highlight the need for localized prevention strategies.
- Further research into environmental and genetic risk factors is recommended.
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