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Published on: February 17, 2019
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Flight-deck Surface Trajectory-Based Operations (STBO)
David C Foyle1, Becky L Hooey2, Deborah L Bakowski2
1Human Systems Integration Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA.
The International Journal of Aviation Psychology
|February 6, 2020
Summary
Pilots struggled with speed-only taxi instructions, facing trade-offs between arrival time and safety. An Error-Nulling Algorithm/Display improved taxi performance and safety during simulated airport surface operations.
Area of Science:
- Aviation Human Factors
- Air Traffic Management
- Flight Deck Operations
Background:
- Airport surface operations present complex multitasking challenges for pilots.
- Current taxi procedures may not adequately support pilot situational awareness and safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of surface trajectory-based operations (STBO) on pilot performance.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of a novel flight-deck display in managing taxi clearances.
Main Methods:
- Three piloted simulations were conducted with commercial transport pilots.
- Pilots received taxi clearances with time and speed components on the Primary Flight Display (PFD).
- Evaluated performance with speed-only clearances versus an Error-Nulling Algorithm/Display.
Main Results:
- Speed-only taxi clearances led to poor Required Time of Arrival (RTA) conformance or compromised safety.
- The Error-Nulling Algorithm/Display enabled accurate RTA conformance while maintaining safety.
- Pilot multitasking and attentional distribution were key factors in surface operations.
Conclusions:
- Surface trajectory-based operations require careful consideration of pilot workload and safety.
- An Error-Nulling Algorithm/Display shows promise for enhancing taxi safety and efficiency.
- Future research should focus on optimizing pilot support tools for complex airport environments.
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