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Flight-deck Surface Trajectory-Based Operations (STBO).

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Pilots struggled with speed-only taxi instructions, facing trade-offs between arrival time and safety. An Error-Nulling Algorithm/Display improved taxi performance and safety during simulated airport surface operations.

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Area of Science:

  • Aviation Human Factors
  • Air Traffic Management
  • Flight Deck Operations

Background:

  • Airport surface operations present complex multitasking challenges for pilots.
  • Current taxi procedures may not adequately support pilot situational awareness and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of surface trajectory-based operations (STBO) on pilot performance.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a novel flight-deck display in managing taxi clearances.

Main Methods:

  • Three piloted simulations were conducted with commercial transport pilots.
  • Pilots received taxi clearances with time and speed components on the Primary Flight Display (PFD).
  • Evaluated performance with speed-only clearances versus an Error-Nulling Algorithm/Display.

Main Results:

  • Speed-only taxi clearances led to poor Required Time of Arrival (RTA) conformance or compromised safety.
  • The Error-Nulling Algorithm/Display enabled accurate RTA conformance while maintaining safety.
  • Pilot multitasking and attentional distribution were key factors in surface operations.

Conclusions:

  • Surface trajectory-based operations require careful consideration of pilot workload and safety.
  • An Error-Nulling Algorithm/Display shows promise for enhancing taxi safety and efficiency.
  • Future research should focus on optimizing pilot support tools for complex airport environments.