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Early acute rejection in renal homotransplantation. Angiographic-pathologic correlation
Journal of the Canadian Association of Radiologists
|March 1, 1977
Summary
Early acute rejection in renal transplantation (kidney transplant) can lead to spontaneous kidney rupture. This condition presents with specific pathological and radiological findings, including enlarged kidneys and venous filling defects.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Transplant Surgery
- Immunology
Background:
- Early acute rejection is a significant complication following renal homotransplantation.
- Recognizing the clinical, pathological, and radiological features of this condition is crucial for timely intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the characteristics of early acute rejection in renal homotransplantation.
- To highlight the association between early acute rejection and spontaneous renal rupture.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 156 renal transplant cases.
- Review of pathological findings including congestion, necrosis, and lymphoplasia.
- Radiological assessment of kidney size, arterial filling, and nephrogram homogeneity.
Main Results:
- Eight of 156 renal transplants (5.1%) experienced early acute rejection (2-10 days post-transplant).
- Four patients with rejection developed spontaneous renal rupture.
- Pathology revealed acute passive congestion, tubular necrosis, venous thrombi, and perivenous lymphoplasia with minimal glomerular/arterial injury.
- Radiology showed enlarged kidneys, stretched arteries, decreased peripheral filling, homogeneous nephrograms, and frequent renal vein filling defects.
Conclusions:
- Early acute rejection following renal homotransplantation is associated with a significant risk of spontaneous renal rupture.
- Distinct pathological and radiological findings characterize this early rejection phase, aiding in diagnosis.