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Characterization of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Brazil, 2014
Marina Gasino Jacobs1, Vitor Laerte Pinto Junior2
1Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brasil.
Summary
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) disproportionately affects young, Afro-Brazilian men with low education. High rates of primary and multidrug-resistance, alongside comorbidities like substance use, highlight significant public health challenges in Brazil.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Tuberculosis remains a global health concern, with drug-resistant strains posing a significant challenge.
- Understanding the epidemiological profile of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is crucial for effective control strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of DR-TB notifications in Brazil in 2014.
- To identify key demographic and comorbidity factors associated with DR-TB.
Main Methods:
- A descriptive study analyzing data from the SITETB and TBWeb information systems.
- Inclusion of 1,574 DR-TB cases registered in 2014 for analysis.
Main Results:
- Pulmonary form accounted for 94.8% of cases.
- Primary resistance was observed in 27.6%, and multidrug-resistance in 50.9%.
- Affected population: 70.6% male, 87.0% aged 20-59, 60.9% Afro-Brazilian, 68.0% with <8 years of schooling. High prevalence of comorbidities including AIDS (13.1%), diabetes (11.3%), and substance use (alcohol 25.8%, illicit drugs 21.0%, tobacco 22.2%).
Conclusions:
- DR-TB notifications in Brazil predominantly involved young, Afro-Brazilian men with limited education.
- High rates of primary and multidrug-resistance, coupled with prevalent comorbidities, particularly substance use, underscore the complexity of DR-TB management.
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