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Updated: Dec 29, 2025

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Affiliative bonding between teachers and students through interpersonal synchronisation in brain activity.

Lifen Zheng1, Wenda Liu2, Yuhang Long2

  • 1Center for Teacher Education Research, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
|February 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Interpersonal neural synchronisation, measured via functional near-infrared spectroscopy, increases in the resting state after teacher-student interaction, supporting its role in affiliative bonding.

Keywords:
affiliative bondfNIRSresting statestudentteacherteaching

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Human social organization relies on affiliative bonds.
  • Interpersonal neural synchronisation is theorized to underpin these bonds.
  • Distinguishing synchronisation during interaction versus bonding has been challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate interpersonal neural synchronisation in the teacher-student relationship.
  • To determine if synchronisation in the resting state correlates with affiliative bonding.
  • To explore the role of social interaction in mediating this process.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in teachers and students.
  • Measurement of brain activity in resting states before and after teaching.
  • Comparison of synchronisation across different teaching modes (turn-taking, lecturing, video).

Main Results:

  • Increased right sensorimotor cortex synchronisation in resting state post-teaching, specifically after turn-taking interaction.
  • Brain synchronisation during teaching partially mediated the link between resting-state synchronisation and bond strength.
  • Both role assignment and social interaction are necessary for affiliative bonding.

Conclusions:

  • Interpersonal neural synchronisation supports affiliative bonding.
  • Social interaction mechanically mediates the bonding process.
  • Turn-taking interaction uniquely enhances resting-state neural synchronisation relevant to bonding.