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Diffusion Imaging in the Rat Cervical Spinal Cord

Diffusion Imaging in the Rat Cervical Spinal Cord

Published on: April 7, 2015

Diffusion-time dependence of diffusional kurtosis in the mouse brain.

Manisha Aggarwal¹, Matthew D Smith², Peter A Calabresi²

¹Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

|February 6, 2020

Summary

Diffusional kurtosis in mouse brains shows significant time and frequency dependence, offering new insights into cellular differences and disease states in gray and white matter. This diffusion MRI technique reveals crucial information about brain tissue characteristics.

Keywords:

brain diffusion time kurtosis non-Gaussian diffusion oscillating gradient permeability pulsed gradient

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI)

Background:

Diffusion MRI is sensitive to microstructural properties of brain tissue.
Diffusional kurtosis (DK) quantifies non-Gaussian water diffusion, reflecting microstructural complexity.
Understanding DK's dependence on acquisition parameters is crucial for accurate interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the diffusion-time dependency of diffusional kurtosis in the mouse brain.
To compare pulsed-gradient spin-echo (PGSE) and oscillating-gradient spin-echo (OGSE) sequences for kurtosis measurements.
To explore the impact of acquisition parameters on DK in both normal and pathological conditions.

Main Methods:

Acquired 3D PGSE and OGSE kurtosis tensor data from ex vivo mouse brains.
Performed 2D acquisitions across a range of diffusion times and frequencies.
Utilized Monte Carlo simulations to model kurtosis dependence on restriction size, permeability, and waveform parameters.

Main Results:

Kurtosis and diffusivity maps showed significant region-specific changes with diffusion time/frequency in gray and white matter.
PGSE and OGSE kurtosis maps displayed reversed contrast in specific cortical regions.
Time/frequency-dependent kurtosis changes correlated with demyelination in cuprizone-treated mice.
Simulations revealed differences in kurtosis estimation sensitivity to exchange between PGSE and OGSE, and dependence on OGSE cycle number.

Conclusions:

Diffusional kurtosis in the mouse brain exhibits significant time/frequency dependency.
This dependency provides sensitivity to probe intrinsic cellular heterogeneity.
DK measurements can reveal pathological alterations in gray and white matter, aiding in disease understanding.