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Single Particle Cryo-Electron Microscopy: From Sample to Structure
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Pair Distribution Function from Electron Diffraction in Cryogenic Electron Microscopy: Revealing Glassy Water

João Batista Souza Junior1, Gabriel Ravanhani Schleder1,2, Felippe Mariano Colombari1

  • 1Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano) , Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM) , 13083-970 Campinas , Brazil.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|February 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cryogenic electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) studies now provide quantitative structural insights into glassy water. This research analyzes the pair-distribution function of amorphous ice under cryo-EM conditions, revealing its structural properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Structural biology
  • Materials science
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Cryogenic electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) is a powerful technique for determining the structure of biological macromolecules in near-native, hydrated environments.
  • The structure of amorphous ice, crucial for cryo-EM sample preparation, has been previously studied using neutron and X-ray diffraction on larger volumes.
  • Understanding the local structure of glassy water under cryo-EM conditions is essential for accurate macromolecular structure determination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pair-distribution function, g(r), of glassy water specifically under cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) conditions.
  • To compare the structural properties of amorphous ice under cryo-EM conditions with known states like low-density amorphous ice and supercooled water.
  • To explore potential structural changes, such as ice nucleation, induced by electron exposure in cryo-EM samples.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electron diffraction data obtained from glassy water samples prepared under cryo-EM conditions.
  • Analyzed the pair-distribution function, g(r), to characterize the local atomic/molecular structure of the amorphous ice.
  • Observed and analyzed the effects of electron exposure on the glassy water samples.

Main Results:

  • The pair-distribution function, g(r), of glassy water under cryo-EM conditions was determined for the first time.
  • The determined g(r) values were found to lie between those of low-density amorphous ice and supercooled water.
  • Thicker glassy water samples exhibited nucleation of cubic ice regions upon exposure to the electron beam.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first quantitative structural information of glassy water using the pair-distribution function, g(r), directly from cryo-EM data.
  • The findings offer a more precise understanding of the amorphous ice environment relevant to cryo-EM.
  • The observed ice nucleation highlights the importance of sample thickness and electron dose in cryo-EM studies.