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Related Concept Videos

Acid Halides to Alcohols: LiAlH4 Reduction01:19

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Acid halides are reduced to alcohols in the presence of a strong reducing agent like lithium aluminum hydride.
The mechanism proceeds in three steps. First, the nucleophilic hydride ion attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acid halide to form a tetrahedral intermediate. Next, the carbonyl group is re-formed, and the halide ion departs as a leaving group, generating an aldehyde. A second nucleophilic attack by the hydride yields an alkoxide ion, which, upon protonation, gives a primary alcohol as...
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Preparation of Functional Silica Using a Bioinspired Method
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Self-Etch Silane Primer: Reactivity and Bonding with a Lithium Disilicate Ceramic.

Maria Dimitriadi1, Spiros Zinelis1, Maria Zafiropoulou1

  • 1Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Monobond Etch and Prime (MEP) showed good stability and reactivity in silane primer tests. However, it demonstrated lower bond strength to lithium disilicate ceramic compared to other treatments, except when used on an etched surface.

Keywords:
IRNMRbond strengthlithium disilicatereactivityroughnessself-etch silane primer

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Area of Science:

  • Dental materials science
  • Ceramic surface treatment
  • Adhesive dentistry

Background:

  • Lithium disilicate ceramics are widely used in dental restorations.
  • Effective surface treatment is crucial for durable bonding between ceramics and resin composites.
  • Self-etch silane primers offer a simplified alternative to traditional hydrofluoric acid etching.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the stability, reactivity, and bond strength of Monobond Etch and Prime (MEP), a self-etch silane primer.
  • To compare MEP's performance with a prehydrolyzed silane coupling agent (CLB) and hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching.
  • To assess the effect of MEP and HF etching on ceramic surface roughness and bond durability.

Main Methods:

  • Stability assessed using 1H- and 31P-NMR spectroscopy before and after aging.
  • Reactivity evaluated by micro MIR-FTIR spectroscopy on Ge surfaces.
  • Ceramic roughness measured by optical profilometry after MEP and HF treatments.
  • Shear bond strength (SBS) tested after various aging protocols (water storage, thermal cycling, high-temperature storage).

Main Results:

  • MEP demonstrated stability in silanol groups after aging, with reactive silanols forming siloxanes at a lower consumption rate than CLB.
  • HF-etching significantly increased ceramic roughness parameters (Sa, Sz, Sdr, Sc, Sv) compared to MEP.
  • MEP alone showed inferior SBS compared to other treatments, except when compared to HF+NS in one condition.
  • On a HF-etched substrate, MEP provided the highest bond strength and reliability.

Conclusions:

  • Monobond Etch and Prime exhibits favorable stability and reactivity for dental applications.
  • While MEP alone has limitations in bond strength, its combination with HF etching enhances bond durability to lithium disilicate ceramics.
  • HF etching is superior in altering ceramic surface topography for improved adhesion.