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Related Experiment Video

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A Review on Dengue Vaccine Development.

Sheng-Qun Deng1, Xian Yang1, Yong Wei1

  • 1Department of Pathogen Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.

Vaccines
|February 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Dengue virus (DENV) poses a global health risk, with antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) increasing mortality upon secondary infection. This review examines five vaccine types to combat dengue disease progression.

Keywords:
dengue feverdengue virusvaccinevector-borne disease

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Dengue virus (DENV) infection threatens nearly half the global population.
  • Primary DENV infection is self-limiting, but secondary infections with heterotypic viruses can be fatal due to antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE).
  • The lack of specific antiviral treatments underscores the urgent need for effective dengue vaccines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the progress, strengths, and weaknesses of various dengue vaccine candidates.
  • To provide an overview of the current landscape of dengue vaccine development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on dengue vaccines.
  • Analysis of five distinct vaccine platforms: live attenuated, inactivated virus, recombinant subunit, viral vectored, and DNA vaccines.

Main Results:

  • The chimeric yellow fever 17D-tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) is the only licensed vaccine, available in some countries.
  • Multiple candidate vaccines across different platforms are under active research and development.
  • Each vaccine type presents unique advantages and disadvantages that influence their efficacy and safety profiles.

Conclusions:

  • Developing effective dengue vaccines is critical due to the global health threat and the risk of severe disease from secondary infections.
  • A comprehensive understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of different vaccine strategies is essential for advancing dengue prevention efforts.
  • Continued research and development are necessary to bring new and improved dengue vaccines to the market.