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Author Spotlight: Comparative Imaging of Neural Activity in Awake and Freely Moving States

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CMOS-based bio-image sensor spatially resolves neural activity-dependent proton dynamics in the living brain.

Hiroshi Horiuchi^1,2, Masakazu Agetsuma¹, Junko Ishida¹

¹Division of Homeostatic Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.

Nature Communications

|February 7, 2020

Summary

Researchers developed a novel CMOS image sensor to measure proton dynamics in the brain. This biosensor detects pH changes with high spatial-temporal resolution, revealing distinct proton patterns during neural activity.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biomedical Engineering
Sensor Technology

Background:

Emerging evidence suggests protons act as neurotransmitters in cultured neurons.
Understanding brain proton dynamics requires tools with high spatial-temporal resolution and wide-area coverage.
Current methods are insufficient for in vivo measurement of proton activity in specific brain regions.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel image sensor for in vivo proton measurement in the brain.
To investigate regional and neural activity-dependent proton dynamics with high precision.
To demonstrate the sensor's capability in detecting localized pH changes during neural stimulation.

Main Methods:

Development of a CMOS-based image sensor with high spatial and temporal resolution.
In vivo application of the sensor to measure proton changes in the visual cortex.
Utilizing visual stimulation to induce spatially differential neural activity and observe corresponding proton dynamics.

Main Results:

The developed biosensor successfully detected distinct patterns of proton changes in the visual cortex.
Demonstrated micrometer and millisecond scale detection of proton changes across a wide area.
Confirmed the sensor's ability to capture pH variations linked to specific biological events.

Conclusions:

A CMOS-based proton image sensor offers high spatial and temporal precision for biological measurements.
The sensor can detect in vivo pH changes associated with neural activity.
This technology holds significant potential for future biological and neuroscience research.