Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

13.0K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
13.0K
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

421
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
421
Surveys02:16

Surveys

16.5K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
16.5K
Cross-Sectional Research01:50

Cross-Sectional Research

12.2K
In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
12.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prolonged cognitive effort impairs inhibitory control and causes significant mental fatigue after an endurance session with an auditive distractor in professional soccer players.

Psychology of sport and exercise·2023
Same author

Using Chatbot Technology to Improve Brazilian Adolescents' Body Image and Mental Health at Scale: Randomized Controlled Trial.

JMIR mHealth and uHealth·2023
Same author

The Body Esteem Scale for Adults and Adolescents: Translation, adaptation and psychometric validation among Brazilian adolescents.

Body image·2022
Same author

Brain Stimulation Over the Motion-Sensitive Midtemporal Area Reduces Deleterious Effects of Mental Fatigue on Perceptual-Cognitive Skills in Basketball Players.

Journal of sport & exercise psychology·2022
Same author

Effects of smartphone use before resistance exercise on inhibitory control, heart rate variability, and countermovement jump.

Applied neuropsychology. Adult·2021
Same author

Effects of Mental Fatigue Induced by Social Media Use on Volleyball Decision-Making, Endurance, and Countermovement Jump Performance.

Perceptual and motor skills·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Involving Individuals with Developmental Language Disorder and Their Parents/Carers in Research Priority Setting
06:16

Involving Individuals with Developmental Language Disorder and Their Parents/Carers in Research Priority Setting

Published on: June 6, 2020

4.2K

Scale development: ten main limitations and recommendations to improve future research practices.

Fabiane F R Morgado1, Juliana F F Meireles2, Clara M Neves2

  • 1Institute of Education, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR-465, km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, 23890-000, Brazil. fabi.frm@hotmail.com.

Psicologia, Reflexao E Critica : Revista Semestral Do Departamento De Psicologia Da UFRGS
|February 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This systematic review highlights common limitations in scale development, such as sample characteristics and psychometric issues. Recognizing these challenges is crucial for improving future research practices in human and social sciences.

Keywords:
AssessmentMeasurementPsychometricsReliabilityValidity

More Related Videos

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
08:05

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

Published on: June 30, 2020

7.9K
Real Time and Repeated Measurement of Skeletal Muscle Growth in Individual Live Zebrafish Subjected to Altered Electrical Activity
11:41

Real Time and Repeated Measurement of Skeletal Muscle Growth in Individual Live Zebrafish Subjected to Altered Electrical Activity

Published on: June 16, 2022

2.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Involving Individuals with Developmental Language Disorder and Their Parents/Carers in Research Priority Setting
06:16

Involving Individuals with Developmental Language Disorder and Their Parents/Carers in Research Priority Setting

Published on: June 6, 2020

4.2K
Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
08:05

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

Published on: June 30, 2020

7.9K
Real Time and Repeated Measurement of Skeletal Muscle Growth in Individual Live Zebrafish Subjected to Altered Electrical Activity
11:41

Real Time and Repeated Measurement of Skeletal Muscle Growth in Individual Live Zebrafish Subjected to Altered Electrical Activity

Published on: June 16, 2022

2.3K

Area of Science:

  • Human and social sciences
  • Psychometrics
  • Research methodology

Background:

  • Scale development is fundamental for advancing knowledge in human and social sciences.
  • Existing literature reveals recurring challenges and limitations in the scale development process.
  • A systematic understanding of these limitations is needed to guide future research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review current scale development practices.
  • To identify and assess the main limitations reported in scale development literature.
  • To provide recommendations for best practices in future scale development research.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was conducted in September 2015.
  • Searches were performed on Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science using "scale development" and "limitations".
  • 105 studies published between 1976 and 2015 were analyzed, focusing on item generation, theoretical analysis, and psychometric analysis.

Main Results:

  • Ten main types of limitations were identified, including sample characteristics, methodological issues, psychometric concerns, and social desirability bias.
  • Methodological weaknesses, such as small sample sizes in psychometric analysis, were frequently noted.
  • However, few studies explicitly recognized and documented these limitations.

Conclusions:

  • The scale development process often suffers from methodological weaknesses that are underreported.
  • Awareness of common limitations can help researchers make more informed methodological and strategic choices.
  • This review provides a foundation for enhancing the rigor and validity of future scale development research.