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Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1β in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells
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Interleukin-36: Structure, Signaling and Function.

Li Zhou1, Viktor Todorovic2

  • 1AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA. li.zhou@abbvie.com.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|February 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The IL-36 cytokine family plays a key role in skin immunity and inflammation. Dysregulation of IL-36 signaling is linked to inflammatory skin diseases like psoriasis.

Keywords:
Generalized pustular psoriasisIL-1 superfamilyIL-36InflammationPsoriasisTherapeutics

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The IL-36 family, part of the IL-1 superfamily, includes agonists, an antagonist (IL-36Ra), a receptor (IL-36R), and an accessory protein (IL-1RAcP).
  • IL-36 signaling involves a two-step receptor activation mechanism crucial for immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current progress on IL-36 protein and biology.
  • To discuss investigative tools for targeting the IL-36 pathway.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on IL-36 family members, their signaling pathways, and their roles in health and disease.
  • Analysis of genetic mutations and therapeutic interventions targeting IL-36.

Main Results:

  • Dysregulated IL-36 signaling promotes Th17/Th23 axis activity, leading to psoriatic-like skin conditions.
  • IL-36Ra mutations are associated with generalized pustular psoriasis, a severe skin disease.
  • Anti-IL-36 antibodies show potential in attenuating skin inflammation in mouse models.

Conclusions:

  • IL-36 is critical for host defense in the skin but its dysregulation drives inflammatory skin disorders.
  • Further research is needed to fully define IL-36 roles in other organs beyond the skin.
  • Investigative tools for targeting IL-36 are advancing, offering potential therapeutic avenues.