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Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Development of Compendium for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Published on: April 12, 2024
Dietary carbohydrate intake and the risk of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis
Fei Xuan1, Wei Li1, Xiaoqing Guo1
1The Second Department of Oncology, Jinan City People's Hospital, Jinan, 271199, Shandong Province, China.
Background:
Previous studies had been published to explore the association about carbohydrate intake on esophageal cancer risk, with inconsistent results. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between dietary carbohydrate intake and the risk of esophageal cancer.
Methods:
Suitable studies were carefully searched with the databases of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Wanfang Database. A random-effects model was used for combined odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Stata software 14.0 was adopted for the analysis.
Results:
At the end, 13 publications were included in our study. Pooled results suggested that highest category versus lowest category of carbohydrate intake could reduce the risk of esophageal cancer (summarized OR = 0.627, 95% CI = 0.505-0.778, I2 = 59.9%, Pfor heterogeneity = 0.001). The results for carbohydrate intake on the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (summarized OR = 0.569, 95% CI = 0.417-0.777) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (summarized OR = 0.665, 95% CI = 0.453-0.975) were consistent with the overall result. A positive association was found in European, Asian, North American populations, instead of South American populations.
Conclusions:
In conclusions, dietary carbohydrate intake may have a protective effect against the risk of esophageal cancer.
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