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A quantitative workflow for modeling diversification in material culture.

Erik Gjesfjeld1, Daniele Silvestro2, Jonathan Chang3,4

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This study introduces a new quantitative workflow for analyzing material culture evolution. It provides statistical methods to track changes in diversity, origination, extinction, and preservation rates over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Archaeology
  • Anthropology
  • Digital Humanities
  • Computational Social Science

Background:

  • The evolution of material culture is a key area of study in humanities and social sciences.
  • Statistical modeling of long-term cultural changes lacks appropriate frameworks, hindering quantitative analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To bridge the gap in statistical modeling for material culture evolution.
  • To provide robust, open-source methods for analyzing changes in material culture diversity.
  • To estimate rates of origination, extinction, and preservation, and identify diversification shift points.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a quantitative workflow for estimating rates of origination, extinction, and preservation.
  • Identification of key shift points in the diversification histories of material culture.
  • Application to diverse datasets, including American car models and European Neolithic archaeological cultures.

Main Results:

  • The approach disentangles the relative contributions of origination and extinction to diversification.
  • Enables rigorous statistical testing of hypotheses explaining changes in cultural diversity.
  • Demonstrates flexibility in application to various data types.

Conclusions:

  • The developed framework offers a powerful tool for quantitative analysis of material culture evolution.
  • The method allows for exploration of commonalities across different forms of material culture.
  • Facilitates broader questions about the general properties of cultural change and diversification.