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Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
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Visual working memory capacity in Korsakoff's amnesia.

Erik Oudman1,2, Martijn J Schut1, Antonia F Ten Brink1,3

  • 1Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
|February 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual working memory capacity is impaired in some individuals with Korsakoff

Keywords:
Korsakoff syndromechange detectionvisual working memoryworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Korsakoff's syndrome (KS) is a neurological disorder often associated with chronic alcohol abuse.
  • Visual working memory (VWM) functioning in KS patients remains incompletely understood, with prior research yielding mixed results.
  • Further investigation is needed to clarify the extent and nature of VWM limitations in KS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate visual working memory storage capacity in patients diagnosed with Korsakoff's syndrome.
  • To compare VWM capacity between KS patients and healthy controls.
  • To explore potential explanations for VWM deficits in KS, independent of other cognitive impairments.

Main Methods:

  • A change detection paradigm was employed to assess VWM storage capacity.
  • Nine KS patients and thirty age- and education-matched healthy controls participated.
  • Participants viewed stimuli with varying set sizes (2, 3, 4, or 6 items) and detected orientation changes.

Main Results:

  • Collectively, KS patients demonstrated significantly lower VWM capacity (1.13 items) than controls (1.75 items) across all set sizes.
  • Individual analysis revealed that 4 out of 9 KS patients showed significant VWM deficits, while 5 exhibited relatively intact capacity.
  • Observed VWM deficits in KS patients were not attributable to other co-occurring cognitive impairments.

Conclusions:

  • Visual working memory deficits are a notable characteristic in a subset of individuals with Korsakoff's syndrome.
  • The findings suggest VWM impairment is not a universal feature of KS.
  • Targeted training of VWM capacity may offer a therapeutic avenue to ameliorate other cognitive difficulties in KS patients.