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Related Concept Videos

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

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High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
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Electrophoresis: Overview01:20

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Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
There...
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process01:05

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process

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In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the elution process is critical to the separation of analytes and the quality of chromatographic results. Elution describes how compounds move through the column and separate based on their interactions with the mobile and stationary phases. This process determines the resolution, peak shape, and retention times in the chromatogram, which are essential for identifying and quantifying components in complex mixtures. Understanding the elution...
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

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Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors01:15

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The role of the detectors in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is to analyze the solutes as they exit from the chromatographic column. The detector recognizes the solute's property and generates corresponding electrical signals, which are converted into a readable graph of the detector's response versus elution time called a chromatogram at the computer. There are several types of HPLC detectors, each with its own advantages and limitations, depending on the analyte...
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

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Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
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Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Refractive Index or Mass Spectrometric Detection for Metabolite Profiling in Lysate-based Cell-free Systems
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Miniature and fully portable gradient capillary liquid chromatograph.

Shing Chung Lam1, Lewellwyn Joseph Coates2, Mohamed Hemida1

  • 1ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies (ASTech), University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia; Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia.

Analytica Chimica Acta
|February 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary

A portable liquid chromatograph (LC) offers robust, miniature, and battery-powered analysis with integrated features. This device enables high-sensitivity detection and achieves excellent precision, making it suitable for point-of-need applications.

Keywords:
Capillary liquid chromatographyColumn heaterMiniaturisationPortablePortable mass spectrometerUltraviolet light-emitting diode-based detector

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Separation Science
  • Miniaturized Instrumentation

Background:

  • Traditional liquid chromatography (LC) systems are often large, power-intensive, and not easily portable.
  • The demand for on-site and point-of-need analytical capabilities is increasing across various scientific fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a robust, portable, and miniature battery-powered gradient capillary liquid chromatograph.
  • To demonstrate its performance characteristics, including precision, sensitivity, and efficiency.
  • To show its compatibility with portable mass spectrometry for miniaturized LC-MS applications.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a compact capillary LC system with integrated microfluidic injection, column heating, and low-UV absorbance detection.
  • Utilized a reversed-phase capillary column and a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controlled heater.
  • Employed two commercial capillary flow cells (Agilent HSDC and Thermo Fisher UZFC) with a 255 nm LED source.
  • Coupled the system to a portable mass spectrometer (Microsaic 4500 MiD).

Main Results:

  • Achieved relative standard deviations of <0.7% (retention time) and <3.3% (peak area) in isocratic mode.
  • Demonstrated even better precision in gradient mode (<0.1% and <2.3%, respectively).
  • Obtained limits of detection for pharmaceuticals between 65-101 μg L⁻¹, with separation efficiencies of 18,000-29,700 N m⁻¹ and run times under 4 minutes.
  • Successfully coupled with a portable mass spectrometer for LC-MS analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The developed portable capillary LC system is robust, precise, and sensitive.
  • Its miniaturized design and performance characteristics make it suitable for 'point-of-need' analytical applications.
  • The successful coupling with portable MS highlights its potential for field-deployable analytical solutions.