Learning Styles of Internal Medicine Residents and Association With the In-Training Examination Performance

Assessment of how medical residents learn and the impact on standardized test performance is important for effective training. Kolb's learning study inventory categorizes learning into accommodating, assimilating, converging and diverging based on the four stages of learning: active experimentation, abstract conceptualization, concrete experience and reflective observation. The American College of Physicians (ACP) Internal Medicine In-Training Examination (IM-ITE) has been shown to positively correlate with successful performance on clinical assessments and board certification. We sought to evaluate the association between the individual learning styles of IM residents and performance on the ACP IM-ITE.

The Kolb LSI questionnaire was administered to IM residents during the 2016/2017 academic year. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between residents preferred learning styles and performance on the ACP IM - ITE.

53 residents in the IM Residency Program of Morehouse School of Medicine completed the questionnaire. The predominant learning style was assimilating (49%), followed by converging (26%). There was no significant difference between the learning styles of residents when compared across gender, age, race, and PGY levels. Residents with a diverging learning style had the highest mean IM-ITE percentage score followed by assimilating and converging respectively (P = 0.14) CONCLUSIONS: The predominant learning styles among our IM residents are assimilating and converging, which is consistent with previous studies. Residents with a diverging style of learning appeared to perform better on the IM-ITE. We suggest that future studies should evaluate the feasibility of integrating brainstorming and group work sessions into the IM residency teaching curriculum and the impact on academic performance.