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Parathyroid Tumor Microenvironment.

Chiara Verdelli1, Valentina Vaira2,3, Sabrina Corbetta4,5

  • 1Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|February 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Parathyroid tumors, often causing hyperparathyroidism, involve complex tumor microenvironments (TME). Research reveals TME cells and molecular interactions influencing tumor growth and angiogenesis.

Keywords:
CD31CD34CXCR4Collagen matrixPTHParathyroid adenomasParathyroid carcinomasParathyroid tumorsPrimary hyperparathyroidismSDF-1/CXCL12Tumor-associated endothelial cellsTumor-associated macrophagesTumor-associated myofibroblastsTumor-infiltrating lymphocytesVEGF-Aα-SMA

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Parathyroid tumors are common endocrine neoplasms, frequently causing primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) due to parathormone (PTH) hypersecretion.
  • These tumors possess a stromal component, with increasing data on the parathyroid tumor microenvironment (TME) and its cellular constituents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the cellular composition and functional characteristics of the parathyroid tumor microenvironment (TME).
  • To investigate the role of proangiogenic factors and cell-cell interactions within parathyroid tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent data on parathyroid TME cellular components (endothelial cells, myofibroblasts, immune cells, stem cells).
  • Analysis of overexpressed proangiogenic molecules (VEGF-A, FGF-2, angiopoietins) and their impact on angiogenesis.
  • Examination of cell-stromal interactions, including the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway.

Main Results:

  • Parathyroid TME comprises heterogeneous cells with tumor-associated phenotypes.
  • Tumors overexpress proangiogenic factors, leading to increased microvessel density.
  • Multifaceted interactions between endocrine and stromal cells occur, partly via the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway.

Conclusions:

  • The parathyroid TME plays a significant role in tumor development and angiogenesis.
  • Understanding TME in benign tumors like parathyroid adenomas is crucial but currently limited.
  • Further investigation into the immune landscape and molecular mechanisms of parathyroid TME is warranted.