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The Tumor Microenvironment

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advanced Ex Vivo Model for Investigating Cancer-Adipose Microenvironment Interaction

Author Spotlight: Advanced Ex Vivo Model for Investigating Cancer-Adipose Microenvironment Interaction

Published on: January 26, 2024

Adipose Tumor Microenvironment.

Abbie Zewdu^1,2, Lucia Casadei^3,4, Raphael E Pollock^1,2

¹Program in Translational Therapeutics, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

|February 8, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Adipose tissue, or fat, can promote cancer by releasing factors like interleukin-6 (IL6) and extracellular vesicles (EVs). These secretions can enhance tumor growth and spread, highlighting fat

Keywords:

Adipocytes Adipokines Adipose tumor Cancer Cell-to-cell communication Extracellular vesicles Fibroblasts Glycoprotein 130 Inflammation Interleukin-6 Liposarcoma Macrophages Preadipocytes Signal transduction Tumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Cell Biology
Endocrinology

Background:

Adipose tissue is a multifunctional organ involved in metabolism and protection.
Emerging evidence implicates adipose tissue in cancer development and progression.
Secreted factors from adipose tissue, including IL6 and EVs, are key mediators.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the protumorigenic role of adipose tissue.
To focus on the impact of IL6 and EVs secreted by adipose tissue in cancer promotion.
To understand how these factors influence tumorigenesis and cancer progression.

Main Methods:

Analysis of secreted factors from adipose tissue.
Investigating the effects of IL6 and EVs on cancer cells.
Assessing the impact on tumor cell phenotype and adjacent normal cells.

Main Results:

Adipose tissue secretes IL6 and EVs that contribute to cancer.
These factors can enhance tumor cell oncogenic properties.
Adipose-derived factors can induce a pro-cancer phenotype in normal cells.

Conclusions:

Adipose tissue plays a significant protumorigenic role in cancer.
IL6 and EVs are critical mediators of this effect.
Targeting adipose-derived factors may offer novel cancer therapeutic strategies.