Acne Vulgaris in an Undergraduate Population in Nigeria

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilo-sebaceous unit. It affects teenagers and young adults. Factors which can provoke or aggravate acne include cosmetic agents, medications, and sunlight. Acne has been associated with intense emotional and psychological distress.

This study aimed to describe predisposing factors, clinical characteristics and the quality of life of students with acne in an undergraduate community.

This is a cross sectional descriptive study of students of Babcock University, located in the South-Western Nigeria. Data was collected at the residential halls using structured questionnaire which consists of students' demographic data, symptoms, predisposing factors, previous treatment, Cardiff Acne Disability Index; and examination findings to document the presence of acne and clinical characteristics.

Acne vulgaris was documented in 391 students (88.5%). Age range of respondents was between 15 and 35, and mean age was 19.51 + 2.25 years. The mean duration of symptoms was 47.46 + 38.27 months. Factors perceived to precipitate acne include food, stress, cleansers and sugary drinks. The mean CADI score for all respondents was 3.27 +3.07 which represents a mild effect on the quality of life. There was no significant difference in the severity of acne in males and females.

This study documents a high prevalence of acne, although it has only a mild effect on the quality of life of the students. In view of the high percentage of students with acne, it should be penned down for public health intervention to prevent mismanagement, progression and complications.