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Sex Differences in People Aging With HIV.

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Older women with HIV show better immune recovery but poorer physical function and quality of life (QOL) compared to men. This highlights the need for targeted assessments in aging women living with HIV.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Aging populations with HIV present unique health challenges.
  • Understanding sex-based differences in older adults with HIV is crucial for tailored care.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated disparities in physical function and QOL between older men and women living with HIV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare older women and men living with HIV regarding HIV-specific variables, comorbidities, physical function, and quality of life (QOL).

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study with cross-sectional analysis was conducted.
  • Participants over 50 years old were stratified by sex.
  • Data collected included sociodemographics, comorbidities, HIV status, frailty, body composition, physical function, physical activity, and QOL.

Main Results:

  • Women (25.2%) had better immunological recovery (CD4 T-cell count, CD4/CD8 ratio) than men.
  • Despite fewer cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, women exhibited worse physical function (lower extremity strength, short physical performance battery scores) and QOL (EQ5D5L).
  • Sarcopenia and slower gait speed were more prevalent in men, though not statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • Older women with HIV represent a significant portion of the aging HIV population.
  • Women living with HIV demonstrate distinct characteristics, including better immune recovery but impaired physical function and QOL.
  • Assessing physical function is critical for older women living with HIV due to observed disparities.