Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Toughness and Hardness of Aggregate

Toughness and Hardness of Aggregate

Toughness and hardness are critical properties of aggregate materials used in concrete, particularly on pavement surfaces and industrial flooring subjected to heavy loads. Toughness is defined as the aggregate's resistance to failure by impact and is measured by the aggregate impact value (AIV). For this, the aggregate impact value test is performed, wherein the impact is delivered by a standard hammer, which falls freely under its own weight onto the aggregates. The aggregates fragment in...

Cognitive Dissonance

Cognitive Dissonance

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...

Aggression

Aggression

Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...

Self-Regulation

Self-Regulation

Self-regulation, also known as self-control, encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral processes that allow individuals to adjust their internal states and outward actions to align with socially acceptable norms and long-term goals. It plays a fundamental role in adaptive functioning, from resisting impulsive behaviors to persisting through challenging tasks. While its benefits are widely recognized, self-regulation is not limitless. Muraven and Baumeister's theory posits that...

The Stanford Prison Experiment

The Stanford Prison Experiment

The famous and controversial Stanford Prison Experiment, conducted by social psychologist Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues at Stanford University, demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts.

Robbers Cave

Robbers Cave

During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Changes in social norms during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic across 43 countries.

Nature communications·2024

Same author

COVID-19 infection induces higher trust in strangers.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2022

Same author

Evidence from a long-term experiment that collective risks change social norms and promote cooperation.

Nature communications·2021

Same author

Natural and strategic generosity as signals of trustworthiness.

PloS one·2014

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Published on: January 18, 2013

Does information about toughness decrease fighting? Experimental evidence.

Aron Szekely^1,2, Diego Gambetta^1,3

¹Collegio Carlo Alberto, Turin, Turin, Italy.

|February 8, 2020

Summary

Information about toughness reduces conflict. When individuals can credibly signal their toughness, disputes over scarce resources are resolved without violence, even in experimental settings mimicking real-world conflict scenarios.

More Related Videos

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

Published on: July 4, 2013

A New Approach that Eliminates Handling for Studying Aggression and the "Loser" Effect in Drosophila melanogaster

A New Approach that Eliminates Handling for Studying Aggression and the "Loser" Effect in Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: December 30, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Published on: January 18, 2013

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

Published on: July 4, 2013

A New Approach that Eliminates Handling for Studying Aggression and the "Loser" Effect in Drosophila melanogaster

A New Approach that Eliminates Handling for Studying Aggression and the "Loser" Effect in Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: December 30, 2015

Area of Science:

Behavioral Economics
Game Theory
Social Psychology

Background:

Resource scarcity and absent rules can lead to conflict.
Individual toughness is a key factor in dispute resolution.
Credible signaling of toughness can deter violence.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether credible information about toughness reduces conflict.
To test the role of toughness signaling in resource disputes.
To explore the implications for understanding conflict, including in prisons.

Main Methods:

Laboratory experiment involving resource allocation and conflict decisions.
Subjects generated credible toughness information through a physical task.
Toughness was realistically ranked, influencing fighting outcomes.

Main Results:

Information about toughness significantly reduced the incidence of fighting.
Experimental findings align with theoretical predictions.
Credible toughness signals effectively mitigated resource disputes.

Conclusions:

Availability of credible toughness information is crucial for conflict resolution.
Toughness signaling offers a novel perspective on understanding and preventing violence.
Findings have implications for managing conflict in various social contexts, including correctional facilities.