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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Three-Dimensional Shape Modeling and Analysis of Brain Structures

Three-Dimensional Shape Modeling and Analysis of Brain Structures

Published on: November 14, 2019

Relationship between vertical facial pattern and brain structure and shape.

José Antonio Alarcón¹, Miguel Velasco-Torres², Antonio Rosas³

¹Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain. jalarcon@ugr.es.

Clinical Oral Investigations

|February 9, 2020

Summary

Long- and short-faced individuals exhibit distinct brain structures. Facial morphology influences brain anatomy, affecting subcortical nuclei volumes like the hippocampus and brain stem.

Keywords:

Brain Craniofacial Dentofacial orthopedists Magnetic resonance imaging Orthodontics Vertical dimension

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Last Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Three-Dimensional Shape Modeling and Analysis of Brain Structures

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Published on: January 2, 2012

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Anthropology
Radiology

Background:

Dolichofacial (long-faced) and brachyfacial (short-faced) individuals possess unique craniofacial morphologies.
Craniofacial variations may correlate with underlying brain tissue differences.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between vertical facial patterns and brain morphology.
To determine if basicranial orientation and topology differences relate to brain tissue variations in dolicho- and brachyfacial subjects.

Main Methods:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to assess brain volumes, cortical thickness, and subcortical nuclei in 185 subjects.
Global, voxel-wise, and shape analyses, alongside multiple regression models, were employed.
Vertical facial variations were analyzed in relation to brain morphology.

Main Results:

Significant differences in brain anatomy were observed between dolicho- and brachyfacial groups.
Vertical facial indices strongly correlated with subcortical nuclei volumes and shapes.
A dolichofacial pattern was associated with expanded bilateral hippocampus and brain stem volumes, and decreased volumes in the left caudate, right pallidus, right amygdala, and right accumbens.

Conclusions:

Human subjects with long and short faces display discernible differences in brain structure and shape.
These findings enhance clinical understanding of brain structure in dolichofacial and brachyfacial patients.
Affected brain areas are implicated in higher cognitive functions, including language, memory, and attention.