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Related Concept Videos

Osmosis01:30

Osmosis

10.2K
Osmosis is the movement of free water molecules through a semipermeable membrane.  The water's concentration gradient across the membrane is inversely proportional to the solutes' concentration. Whereas diffusion transports material across membranes and within cells, osmosis transports only water across a membrane, and the membrane limits the diffusion of solutes in the water. Osmosis is a special case of diffusion.
Water, like other substances, moves from a high concentration of...
10.2K
Osmosis00:47

Osmosis

192.1K
Approximately 60% to 95% of the weight of living organisms is attributed to water. Therefore, maintaining appropriate water balance within cells is of paramount importance. Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane, such as a cell’s plasma membrane. In living organisms, water plays a crucial role as a solvent—a molecule that dissolves other molecules.
192.1K
Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure of Solutions02:40

Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure of Solutions

45.5K
A number of natural and synthetic materials exhibit selective permeation, meaning that only molecules or ions of a certain size, shape, polarity, charge, and so forth, are capable of passing through (permeating) the material. Biological cell membranes provide elegant examples of selective permeation in nature, while dialysis tubing used to remove metabolic wastes from blood is a more simplistic technological example. Regardless of how they may be fabricated, these materials are generally...
45.5K
Ion Channels01:19

Ion Channels

90.9K
The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow...
90.9K
Fluid Movement Between Compartments01:18

Fluid Movement Between Compartments

3.5K
The force applied by fluids against a surface, known as hydrostatic pressure, initiates the transfer of fluid among different compartments. Within our blood vessels, the blood's hydrostatic pressure is a result of the heart's pumping action. At the arteriolar end of capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (capillary blood pressure) exceeds the opposing colloid osmotic pressure created primarily by plasma proteins like albumin. This discrepancy in pressure propels plasma and nutrients from the...
3.5K
The Significance of Membrane Transport01:44

The Significance of Membrane Transport

40.8K
The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action potential, exchanging nutrients and gases, etc. Membrane transport can be either passive or active. It can be simple diffusion, facilitated, or mediated transport aided by transport proteins such as transporters and channels.
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...
40.8K

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Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Introduction to Solid Supported Membrane Based Electrophysiology
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Introduction to Solid Supported Membrane Based Electrophysiology

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Resonant osmosis across active switchable membranes.

Sophie Marbach1, Nikita Kavokine1, Lydéric Bocquet1

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole normale supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75005 Paris, France.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|February 10, 2020
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Summary

Dynamic osmosis uses active membranes with time-tuneable pores to control solute transport. This novel approach offers energy-efficient nanoscale filtration and artificial ionic machinery design.

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Area of Science:

  • Membrane science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Physical chemistry

Background:

  • Traditional filtration relies on steric sieving.
  • Limitations exist in current separation technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and explore dynamic osmosis using active membranes.
  • To investigate solute transport mechanisms and energy efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing partially permeable membranes with time-tuneable pore features.
  • Analyzing solute pumping via resonant frequencies and ratchet transport.
  • Comparing energy consumption with reverse osmosis.

Main Results:

  • Slow flickering frequencies decrease osmotic pressure; high frequencies do not.
  • Asymmetric membranes exhibit resonant frequencies for solute pumping.
  • Dynamic osmosis achieves nanoscale solute pumping with lower energy than reverse osmosis.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic osmosis presents a new paradigm beyond traditional filtration.
  • This method enables efficient nanoscale solute manipulation.
  • Opens avenues for advanced filtration devices and artificial ionic machinery.