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Low back pain affects coordination between the trunk segments but not variability during running.

Alexandre R M Pelegrinelli1, Mariana F Silva2, Leandro C Guenka2

  • 1Laboratory of Biomechanics and Clinical Epidemiology, PAIFIT Research Group, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil; Laboratory of Applied Biomechanics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.

Journal of Biomechanics
|February 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Runners with chronic low back pain exhibit altered coordination between spinal segments. This altered movement may be a protective mechanism to avoid painful motions during running.

Keywords:
LumbarPainRunningVariabilityVector coding

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Movement Analysis
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic low back pain (LBP) is prevalent in runners.
  • Understanding trunk coordination is crucial for LBP management.
  • Previous research has not fully explored inter-segmental coordination in runners with LBP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare thorax, lumbar, and pelvis coordination and variability in runners with and without chronic low back pain.
  • To identify differences in movement patterns during running between the low back pain group (LBPG) and control group (CG).

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-six recreational runners (LBPG and CG) were assessed running on a treadmill at 3.3 m/s.
  • Vector coding technique analyzed coordination in sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes for pelvis-lumbar and lumbar-thorax segments.
  • Coordination patterns, coupling angles, and variability (angular deviation) were quantified.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in coordination patterns and coupling angles were found between LBPG and CG.
  • LBPG showed a more 'in-phase' coordination pattern in the pelvis-lumbar frontal plane and lumbar-thorax frontal-transverse planes compared to CG.
  • No significant differences in coordination variability were observed between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Runners with chronic low back pain demonstrate altered coordination between lumbar and adjacent segments.
  • The increased 'in-phase' patterns in LBPG may represent a protective strategy to mitigate pain.
  • Segmental coordination analysis is sensitive to detecting functional differences in runners with LBP.