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Published on: February 2, 2017
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Body composition in children with chronic inflammatory diseases: A systematic review
Noora Houttu1, Marko Kalliomäki2, Minna-Maija Grönlund3
1Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland.
Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|February 10, 2020
Summary
Children with Crohn's disease often have reduced fat and lean mass, increasing malnutrition risks. More research is needed on body composition changes in pediatric inflammatory conditions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Rheumatology
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Pediatric Pulmonology
Background:
- Chronic inflammatory conditions in children can affect body composition.
- Investigating body composition in pediatric inflammatory diseases is crucial for understanding nutritional status and potential complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), celiac disease, asthma, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) have altered body composition compared to healthy children.
- To synthesize current evidence on body composition in pediatric chronic inflammatory diseases.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines was conducted.
- Searches were performed across PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases.
- Study quality was assessed, and data from 50 studies involving 2399 children were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Children with Crohn's disease consistently showed decreased fat mass and fat-free mass.
- Reduced fat mass was also observed in children with celiac disease.
- Evidence regarding body composition changes in children with asthma or JIA remains uncertain.
Conclusions:
- Children with Crohn's disease exhibit lower adiposity and lean mass, posing a risk for malnutrition-related complications.
- Data on body composition in other pediatric chronic inflammatory conditions are limited.
- The quality of existing studies and the nature of secondary outcome analyses hinder definitive interpretations.
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