Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

43.0K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
43.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

<i>APOE</i> ε4, modifiable risk factors, and dementia in community-based older Japanese adults.

Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2026
Same author

Three-year real-world effectiveness, treatment persistence, and planned discontinuation of anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies for migraine prevention: a single-center cohort from Japan.

Frontiers in neurology·2026
Same author

Serum Albumin Levels Are Associated with Total Brain and Hippocampal Volume but Not with White Matter Lesion Volume in Older Japanese Adults Without Cognitive Decline: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Nutrients·2026
Same author

Development of 5-year risk prediction models for incident dementia and mortality in a community-dwelling older Japanese population: The Japan Prospective Studies Collaboration for Aging and Dementia (JPSC-AD).

GeroScience·2026
Same author

Successful Amyloid Removal by Donanemab Treatment in a Female Patient With Alzheimer Disease: A Case Report.

Neurology·2026
Same author

Gadolinium enhancement of the cauda equina in a case of familial ALS with p.S135G <i>SOD1</i> mutation.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Detection of Disease-associated &#945;-synuclein by Enhanced ELISA in the Brain of Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Human A53T Mutated &#945;-synuclein
12:01

Detection of Disease-associated α-synuclein by Enhanced ELISA in the Brain of Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Human A53T Mutated α-synuclein

Published on: May 30, 2015

11.2K

[α-Synuclein as Diagnostic Biomarker].

Kenjiro Ono1

  • 1Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine.

Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo
|February 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alpha-synuclein (αS) oligomers are toxic species in Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Elevated αS oligomers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood may serve as biomarkers for these neurodegenerative diseases.

More Related Videos

Sequential Extraction of Soluble and Insoluble Alpha-Synuclein from Parkinsonian Brains
09:27

Sequential Extraction of Soluble and Insoluble Alpha-Synuclein from Parkinsonian Brains

Published on: January 5, 2016

17.9K
Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced &#945;-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons
10:03

Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced α-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons

Published on: August 16, 2020

11.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 29, 2025

Detection of Disease-associated &#945;-synuclein by Enhanced ELISA in the Brain of Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Human A53T Mutated &#945;-synuclein
12:01

Detection of Disease-associated α-synuclein by Enhanced ELISA in the Brain of Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Human A53T Mutated α-synuclein

Published on: May 30, 2015

11.2K
Sequential Extraction of Soluble and Insoluble Alpha-Synuclein from Parkinsonian Brains
09:27

Sequential Extraction of Soluble and Insoluble Alpha-Synuclein from Parkinsonian Brains

Published on: January 5, 2016

17.9K
Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced &#945;-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons
10:03

Studying Pre-formed Fibril Induced α-Synuclein Accumulation in Primary Embryonic Mouse Midbrain Dopamine Neurons

Published on: August 16, 2020

11.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Alpha-synuclein protein (αS) aggregation into oligomers, protofibrils, and fibrils is central to α-synucleinopathies like Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).
  • Oligomeric αS species are considered the most neurotoxic, driving disease pathogenesis.
  • While total αS levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are often decreased in PD and DLB, conflicting reports suggest elevated αS oligomers in PD CSF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of αS oligomers as biomarkers for α-synucleinopathies.
  • To explore the relationship between CSF and blood αS levels and cognitive decline in PD.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of αS and β-amyloid (Aβ) levels in CSF and blood samples from PD patients.
  • Correlation studies between biomarker levels and cognitive status.

Main Results:

  • Reports indicate decreased total αS in CSF for PD and DLB patients.
  • Some studies show elevated αS oligomer concentrations in the CSF of PD patients.
  • Lower CSF levels of β-amyloid (Aβ)1-40, Aβ1-42, and αS are associated with cognitive decline in PD.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated αS oligomer levels in CSF and potentially blood are implicated in PD pathogenesis.
  • Combined analysis of CSF and blood biomarkers, including αS and Aβ, may aid in diagnosing α-synucleinopathies.
  • Further research into αS oligomers as diagnostic and prognostic markers for PD and DLB is warranted.