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Skeletal open bite cranial base characteristics in young Latin-American individuals with class I, II and III
André Flores-Ysla1, Luis Ernesto Arriola-Guillén1, Yalil Augusto Rodríguez-Càrdenas2
1Universidad Científica del Sur, School of Dentistry, Division of Orthodontics and Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Lima, Peru.
Objective:
This study aimed to compare cranial base linear and angular measurements between individuals with skeletal open bite and different sagittal skeletal relationships.
Materials And Methods:
This observational and cross-sectional study included 101 lateral radiographs of young Latin-American individuals with skeletal open bite that met the inclusion criteria and were collected from a private radiological centre. Three groups were formed. Groups 1, 2 and 3 included individuals with skeletal open bite (negative overbite and FMA>30°) and Class I (n=31), II (n=35) and III (n=35) sagittal skeletal relationship, respectively. The anterior and posterior cranial bases (SN and SBa), and cranial base angles (BaSN and ArSN) were measured. Groups were compared with one-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Scheffé tests. The influence of predictor variables on the cranial base were evaluated with linear regressions (α=0.05).
Results:
The cranial base angles were significantly smaller (approximately 3° to 5°) in the skeletal open bite Class III group (BaSN=127.97°± 5.86°, ArSN=120.19°±6.12°) when compared with the other groups. BaSN angle, Class I versus Class III (p<0.001) and Class II versus Class III (p<0.001). ArSN angle, Class I versus Class III (p=0.005) and Class II versus Class III (p=0.026). Multiple linear regressions showed that sex had a significant influence on both cranial base dimensions with men showing larger values than women.
Conclusions:
Skeletal open bite Class III individuals show a smaller cranial base angle than Skeletal open bite Class I or II individuals.
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