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    Area of Science:

    • Anesthesiology
    • Surgical Patient Care
    • Perioperative Medicine

    Background:

    • Current guidelines recommend 6-hour solid and 2-hour clear liquid preoperative fasting.
    • A significant gap often exists between recommended and actual preoperative fasting times.
    • This discrepancy impacts patient well-being and surgical outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the gap between recommended and actual preoperative fasting durations.
    • To investigate the safety and clinical applicability of reduced fasting times using maltodextrin-enriched oral solutions.
    • To evaluate the impact of these solutions on pre- and postoperative patient well-being.

    Main Methods:

    • A two-phase study (I and II) involving patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery.
    • Patients were divided into two groups (A and B).
    • Group A received oral solutions enriched with maltodextrin, while Group B served as a control.

    Main Results:

    • Actual average fasting times were 19 hours for solids and 13 hours for liquids, significantly exceeding recommendations.
    • Fasting durations were consistent across surgical departments, indicating a widespread practice.
    • Group A patients had an average liquid fasting time of 9 hours, compared to 14 hours for Group B.

    Conclusions:

    • Clinical practice lags behind evidence-based guidelines for preoperative fasting.
    • Maltodextrin-enriched drinks are safe up to 2 hours before anesthesia induction.
    • These solutions reduce the catabolic response to surgery and improve patient comfort by alleviating hunger, thirst, and anxiety.