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Implementation Intentions Related to Self-Regulatory Processes Do Not Enhance Learning in a Multimedia Environment
Emely Hoch1,2, Katharina Scheiter1,2, Anne Schüler1
1Multiple Representations Lab, Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany.
Frontiers in Psychology
|February 11, 2020
Summary
Implementation intentions, or if-then plans, did not improve learning from multimedia. However, these plans interacted with learners' self-efficacy beliefs, sometimes hindering learning outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Educational Psychology
- Cognitive Science
- Human-Computer Interaction
Background:
- Self-regulated learning frameworks emphasize cognitive strategies, self-efficacy, and effort for successful learning.
- Illustrated texts and multimedia environments present unique learning challenges for students.
- Implementation intentions (if-then plans) are a strategy to support self-regulated learning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if implementation intentions improve learning in a multimedia environment.
- To determine if implementation intentions are differentially effective for cognitive strategies, self-efficacy, or effort.
- To explore the interaction between implementation intentions and pre-existing self-efficacy beliefs.
Main Methods:
- Learners were assigned to conditions: implementation intentions for cognitive strategies, self-efficacy, effort, or a control group.
- Participants learned about a mechanical system using a multimedia message.
- Learning outcomes were assessed via a post-test.
Main Results:
- None of the tested implementation intentions significantly improved learning outcomes compared to the control group.
- Implementation intentions did not differ in effectiveness among themselves.
- An interaction was found: high self-efficacy learners performed worse when given a cognitive strategy implementation intention.
Conclusions:
- Current forms of implementation intentions may not be effective for improving multimedia learning.
- The effectiveness of implementation intentions may depend on the specific self-regulatory process targeted.
- Further research is needed to optimize implementation intentions for educational contexts, considering potential interference with cognitive processes.
Keywords:
cognitive strategieseffortimplementation intentionsmultimedia learningself-efficacy beliefsself-regulated learningMore Related Videos
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