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LINC01420 RNA structure and influence on cell physiology
Daria O Konina1, Alexandra Yu Filatova2, Mikhail Yu Skoblov3,4
1Department of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russian Federation.
BMC Genomics
|February 11, 2020
Summary
This study reveals the LINC01420 long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has two isoforms, with the short form predominantly in the cytoplasm and inhibiting melanoma cell migration. Its function is distinct from the microprotein it can produce.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Molecular Biology
- RNA Biology
Background:
- The human genome extensively transcribes long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), crucial for gene regulation and implicated in diseases.
- The precise functions of many lncRNAs remain unknown, with limited overlap in annotations.
- Some lncRNAs encode microproteins via small open reading frames (smORFs), raising questions about functional determinants (RNA vs. microprotein).
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the structure and function of the LINC01420 long noncoding RNA.
- To investigate the cellular localization and impact of LINC01420 isoforms on cell behavior.
Main Methods:
- Reverse transcription PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) were used to define LINC01420 transcript structure.
- MTT and wound-healing assays assessed the functional impact of LINC01420 on melanoma cell viability and migration.
Main Results:
- LINC01420 exhibits two isoforms differing in the terminal exon, primarily localized in the cytoplasm.
- The shorter LINC01420 isoform is expressed at higher levels.
- LINC01420 significantly inhibited cell migration in the A375 human melanoma cell line, without affecting cell viability.
Conclusions:
- LINC01420 possesses distinct functional properties related to its transcript structure and cellular localization.
- While a related study identified a microprotein (NoBody) from LINC01420's smORF, this work highlights the transcript's independent role in regulating cell migration.
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