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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine
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Immunotherapy of lymphomas.

Stephen M Ansell, Yi Lin

    The Journal of Clinical Investigation
    |February 11, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    Optimizing immune responses can improve outcomes for lymphoma patients. This review explores immunotherapies targeting cancer cells and enhancing the immune system, highlighting the need for combination strategies.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Oncology
    • Cancer Research

    Background:

    • Lymphoid malignancies, such as lymphoma, involve immune cell infiltration.
    • Despite the presence of immune cells with effector functions, the immune system often fails to eliminate lymphoma cells.
    • Therapeutic strategies aimed at enhancing immune function hold promise for improving patient outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review immunologic approaches for treating lymphoid malignancies.
    • To discuss strategies targeting malignant cells directly.
    • To explore methods for optimizing innate and adaptive immune responses against lymphoma.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on immunotherapies for lymphoid malignancies.
    • Analysis of approaches that modulate the immune system to combat lymphoma.

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  • Discussion of single-agent versus combination therapy strategies.
  • Main Results:

    • Various immunologic therapies demonstrate single-agent activity against lymphoma.
    • Optimizing immune function is a key therapeutic goal.
    • Future treatment paradigms will likely involve combinations of immunologic approaches.

    Conclusions:

    • Immunotherapies offer a promising avenue for lymphoma treatment.
    • Targeting malignant cells and enhancing the host immune response are crucial.
    • Combination immunotherapies are expected to be essential for future treatment strategies.