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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Pain Management
  • Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

  • Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic condition characterized by widespread pain and fatigue.
  • Current clinical guidelines generally do not recommend opioid analgesics for FM management due to limited efficacy and potential risks.
  • Despite guidelines, opioid use persists in FM patient populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of opioid use among fibromyalgia patients.
  • To identify patient-related factors associated with opioid prescription and use in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 698 fibromyalgia patients admitted to a tertiary care center's intensive treatment program.
  • Data collected via self-report questionnaires including the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire-Revised, Center for Epidemiologic Study of Depression Scale, and Pain Catastrophizing Scale.
  • Logistic regression analysis used to identify variables associated with opioid use.

Main Results:

  • 27.1% of surveyed fibromyalgia patients were using opioids upon admission.
  • Significant associations found between opioid use and longer symptom duration (>3 years), increased patient age, greater functional impairment, and higher pain catastrophizing scores.
  • These factors indicate a higher burden of illness in patients using opioids.

Conclusions:

  • Opioid use remains prevalent in fibromyalgia patients, contrary to established treatment guidelines.
  • Factors associated with opioid use suggest a correlation with disease severity and patient-reported outcomes.
  • Findings highlight a potential gap in guideline adherence and underscore the need for alternative, non-opioid management strategies for fibromyalgia.