Neuroprotective Effects of Chrysin on Diclofenac-Induced Apoptosis in SH-SY5Y Cells
1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey. edarendelioglu@bingol.edu.tr.
Abstract:
Accumulating evidences demonstrated that Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) may lead to serious damages to numerous cellular biomolecules, consequently resulting in the development of several neurological diseases. Diclofenac (Dic), the most widely preferred non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) induces apoptosis by an alteration in function of mitochondria and creation of ROS. Chrysin (Chr) is a naturally active component that is found in numerous plants and bee products and retains strong neuroprotective and antioxidant properties. However its effect of Dic induced injury on SH-SY5Y neuron cells have not been investigated to date. The goal of present research was to study the molecular mechanisms of Chr protection from oxidative injury caused by Dic in SH-SY5Y cells. Dic induced significant toxicity on the cells and this effect was reversed by pre-treatment with Chr. Dic triggered a noteworthy increase in the cellular ROS and Lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels and decrease in Total antioxidant status (TAS) level while pre-treatment with Chr reversed these effects. Dic induction increased the Bax, cytochrome c, cas-3, cas-8 and p53 expression at gene transcription level. Elevated levels of these genes considerably decreased by Chr pre-treatment revealing the defensive effects of Chr. The results obviously presented that exposure of SH-SY5Y with Dic resulted in oxidative stress and apoptosis while pre-treatment of neuron cells with Chr protects the cells against apoptosis triggered by Dic induction.
Insights
Chrysin (Chr) protects SH-SY5Y neuron cells from diclofenac (Dic)-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Chr reversed Dic-induced increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, demonstrating its neuroprotective effects.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biochemistry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) contribute to cellular damage and neurological diseases.
- Diclofenac (Dic), a common NSAID, induces apoptosis via mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS generation.
- Chrysin (Chr), a plant-derived flavonoid, possesses known antioxidant and neuroprotective properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective mechanisms of Chrysin (Chr) against Diclofenac (Dic)-induced oxidative injury in SH-SY5Y neuron cells.
- To elucidate the molecular pathways involved in Chr's neuroprotection.
- To assess Chr's efficacy in reversing Dic-induced cellular damage.
Main Methods:
- SH-SY5Y neuron cells were exposed to Diclofenac (Dic) with or without Chrysin (Chr) pre-treatment.
- Assessed cellular toxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and lipid peroxidation (LPO).
- Measured total antioxidant status (TAS) and quantified gene expression of apoptosis markers (Bax, cytochrome c, cas-3, cas-8, p53).
Main Results:
- Diclofenac (Dic) induced significant toxicity, increased ROS and LPO, and decreased TAS in SH-SY5Y cells.
- Chrysin (Chr) pre-treatment reversed these Dic-induced effects, mitigating cellular damage.
- Dic exposure upregulated pro-apoptotic genes (Bax, cytochrome c, cas-3, cas-8, p53), which were downregulated by Chr pre-treatment.
Conclusions:
- Diclofenac (Dic) induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y neuron cells.
- Chrysin (Chr) effectively protects neuron cells against Dic-induced apoptosis.
- Chrysin (Chr) demonstrates significant neuroprotective potential against NSAID-induced cellular injury.
