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Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With Anthracycline-Based Regimen for BRCAness Tumors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Saeko Teraoka1, Eiichi Sato2, Kazutaka Narui3

  • 1Department of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|February 12, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with BRCAness, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) using anthracyclines showed a 76.4% clinical response rate. However, BRCAness testing alone was insufficient to predict treatment success.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) can exhibit "BRCAness," characterized by impaired BRCA1 function without mutation.
  • DNA-damaging agents are more effective in BRCA1-deficient tumors than mitotic poisons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with an anthracycline-based regimen without taxanes in TNBC patients with BRCAness.
  • To assess if BRCAness, identified by MLPA, can predict treatment response to this NAC regimen.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective single-arm clinical trial involving 30 TNBC patients.
  • BRCAness was assessed using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA).
  • Patients with BRCAness received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with anthracyclines, excluding taxanes.

Main Results:

  • BRCAness was identified in 72% (18/25) of evaluable TNBC patients.
  • The overall clinical response rate was 76.4%, with a pathological complete response rate of 35.3%.
  • The pathological complete response rate was lower than anticipated based on BRCAness status.

Conclusions:

  • BRCAness, as determined by MLPA, is not a sufficient predictor of therapeutic response to anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in TNBC.
  • Further research is needed to identify reliable biomarkers for predicting treatment efficacy in BRCAness TNBC.
Keywords:
BRCAnessBreast cancerNeoadjuvant chemotherapyTriple negative

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