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Related Concept Videos

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The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
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The salivary glands, of which there are three pairs known as the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands, play a crucial role in maintaining oral health and initiating the digestive process. Positioned near the ears, beneath the masseter muscle, the parotid glands secrete saliva into the oral cavity through the parotid duct of Stensen. Meanwhile, the submandibular glands, located on the floor of the mouth, secrete saliva through channels named submandibular ducts. The sublingual glands,...
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A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
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The physiology of the gastrointestinal system begins with ingestion as food enters the mouth.
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Saliva and Oral Diseases.

Emanuela Martina1, Anna Campanati1, Federico Diotallevi1

  • 1Dermatology Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic Marche University, via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|February 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Saliva analysis offers a simple, noninvasive method for diagnosing diseases. Salivary biomarkers show promise for early detection and monitoring of oral conditions, though standardization is needed.

Keywords:
biomarkersoral canceroral diseasesoral lichen planuspsoriasissaliva

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Area of Science:

  • Biomarker discovery
  • Oral medicine
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Saliva is a biological fluid with diagnostic potential due to its ease of collection.
  • Saliva contains proteins from plasma and other bodily fluids.
  • Advancements in analytical techniques have led to the field of "salivaomics".

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review salivary biomarkers for oral diseases.
  • To highlight saliva's potential in early disease detection and therapeutic response evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on salivary biomarkers.
  • Investigation of "salivaomics" approaches (proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, microbiome).

Main Results:

  • Saliva contains numerous proteins and other molecules relevant to disease.
  • Salivary biomarkers show promise for diagnosing oral conditions like lichen planus, oral cancer, blistering diseases, and psoriasis.
  • Saliva can aid in monitoring treatment effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • Saliva is a promising diagnostic tool for oral and systemic diseases.
  • Standardization of sampling, processing, and measurement methods is crucial for clinical application.