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Skeletal muscle relaxants can target the central nervous system [CNS] to reduce muscle tension or act directly at the neuromuscular junction to induce temporary paralysis. These two classes of muscle relaxants are called centrally acting muscle relaxants and peripherally acting muscle relaxants. They differ in their action, mechanism, administration route, and clinical uses.
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Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
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Physical therapy modalities for treating fibromyalgia.

Fernanda Mendonça Araújo1, Josimari Melo DeSantana1,2

  • 1Graduate Program in Physiological Science, Federal University of Sergipe, Cidade Universitária Prof. José Aloísio de Campos, Avenida Marechal Rondon, s/n - Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil.

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Summary

This review summarizes physical therapy options for fibromyalgia, a chronic pain syndrome. It highlights non-pharmacological approaches to manage widespread pain and associated symptoms.

Keywords:
Fibromyalgiafunctionpainphysical therapy modalities.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology and Physical Medicine

Background:

  • Fibromyalgia is a complex syndrome marked by chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain.
  • It presents with hyperalgesia and various psychosomatic symptoms including fatigue, sleep disturbances, anxiety, and cognitive dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize the primary physical therapy modalities employed in managing fibromyalgia.
  • To consolidate information on non-pharmacological interventions for fibromyalgia treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of physical therapy interventions for fibromyalgia.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on non-pharmacological treatment modalities.

Main Results:

  • Physical therapy offers a range of non-pharmacological options for fibromyalgia management.
  • Emerging research supports various physical therapy techniques as complementary treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Physical therapy modalities are increasingly investigated as effective alternatives for fibromyalgia.
  • Further research into specific physical therapy interventions is warranted to optimize patient care.