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Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
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Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
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In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
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Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Immunoglobulin Gene Sequence Analysis In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: From Patient Material To Sequence Interpretation
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[Chronic lymphocytic leukemia].

Othman Al-Sawaf1, Barbara Eichhorst2, Michael Hallek2

  • 1Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Centrum für Integrierte Onkologie Aachen Bonn Köln Düsseldorf, Deutsche CLL-Studiengruppe, Universität zu Köln, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Köln, Deutschland. othman.al-sawaf@uk-koeln.de.

Der Internist
|February 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a common B-cell cancer. Recent targeted therapies are shifting treatment away from traditional chemotherapy for CLL patients.

Keywords:
ChemoimmunotherapyIbrutinibMolecular targeted therapyPrognostic factorsVenetoclax

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Subcellular Fractionation of Primary Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells to Monitor Nuclear/Cytoplasmic Protein Trafficking
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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a prevalent B-cell neoplasm and the most common leukemia in Western countries.
  • Classified as an indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) by the World Health Organization.
  • Diagnosis involves elevated B-lymphocytes (>5.0 G/L) and specific markers (CD5, CD19).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL).
  • To highlight the evolving treatment landscape for CLL.
  • To discuss the shift from chemotherapy to targeted therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on CLL diagnosis and treatment.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria including lymphocyte counts and immunophenotyping.
  • Examination of historical and recent therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • CLL diagnosis requires specific lymphocyte counts and CD markers.
  • Therapeutic intervention is indicated by symptomatic disease or significant blood count changes.
  • Prognosis is influenced by molecular and cytogenetic risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • The treatment of CLL has significantly evolved with the introduction of targeted drugs.
  • There is a notable trend towards chemotherapy-free regimens in first-line CLL treatment.
  • Targeted therapies represent a major advancement in managing CLL.