Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 28, 2025
Pedicle Screw Placement Using an Augmented Reality Head-Mounted Display in a Porcine Model
Published on: May 24, 2024
The efficacy of immersive virtual reality surgical simulator training for pedicle screw placement: a randomized
Baoquan Xin1, Xing Huang2, Wei Wan2
1Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong province, China.
Objective:
To verify whether the pedicle screw placement (PSP) skills of young surgeons receiving immersive virtual reality surgical simulator (IVRSS) training could be improved effectively and whether the IVRSS-PSP training mode could produce a real clinical value in clinical surgery.
Methods:
Twenty-four young surgeons were equally randomized to a VR group and a NON-VR group. Participants in VR group received IVRSS-PSP training, and those in NON-VR group used the conventional model of observing a spinal model first and then watching a teaching video of spinal surgery for 40 minutes x five. The nailing outcome of the participants before and after training was evaluated by statistical analysis in both groups.
Results:
Post-training data analysis showed that the success rate and accuracy rate of screw placement in VR group and NON-VR group were 82.9% and 69.6% vs. 74.2% and 55.4%, respectively, showing statistically significant differences between the two groups by chi-square test (P < 0.05).
Conclusion:
The present study demonstrated that IVRSS-PSP was helpful to improve the success rate of PSP for young surgeons, and may provide valuable reference for PSP training of young surgeons. In addition, our study also showed a promising potential of the VR technology in surgical simulation training.
