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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

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Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
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Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
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Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

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An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
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Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Assessment of Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors by an Interrogation of Signal Transduction Pathways by Antibody Arrays
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Anticancer Agents Based on Vulnerable Components in a Signalling Pathway.

Ankur Vaidya1, Shweta Jain2, Sanjeev Sahu3

  • 1Pharmacy College Saifai, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah (U.P.), India.

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|February 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers are exploring novel molecular targets for cancer therapy to overcome limitations of traditional treatments like chemotherapy. This review details key molecular mechanisms and drugs in clinical trials for improved cancer treatment strategies.

Keywords:
CancerMDM2MELKWEE1mTORmolecular mechanism.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Traditional cancer therapies (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy) offer benefits but face challenges like drug resistance and side effects.
  • Recent decades have seen a surge in identifying new molecular targets to develop more effective anticancer agents.
  • Understanding molecular mechanisms is crucial for predicting resistance and optimizing combination therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review leading molecular mechanisms investigated for cancer therapy.
  • To highlight anticancer drugs currently undergoing clinical trials targeting these mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of established and emerging molecular targets in cancer.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways and enzymes implicated in cancer progression and treatment.
  • Compilation of data on anticancer agents in clinical development.

Main Results:

  • Detailed descriptions of key molecular targets including mTOR, WEE1, JAKs, PI3K/mTOR pathway, AKT, Chk1, MELK, DNMT1, PARP-1/-2, SK2, pan-FGFR, IAP, MDM2, Bcl-2 family, and ROS1.
  • Overview of the status of various anticancer drugs in clinical trials targeting these mechanisms.
  • Emphasis on the role of molecular mechanisms in guiding drug discovery and combination therapy strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Novel molecular targets offer promising avenues for developing next-generation cancer therapies.
  • Targeting specific molecular pathways can potentially overcome drug resistance and reduce side effects.
  • Continued research and clinical trials are essential to translate these molecular insights into effective cancer treatments.