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Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Immunofluorescence Staining Using IBA1 and TMEM119 for Microglial Density, Morphology and Peripheral Myeloid Cell Infiltration Analysis in Mouse Brain
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Microglia in Alzheimer's Disease.

Patrick Süß1, Johannes C M Schlachetzki2

  • 1Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat, Erlangen- Nürnberg, Germany.

Current Alzheimer Research
|February 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Microglia, the brain's immune cells, play a critical role in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathogenesis. Their impact, whether beneficial or detrimental, shifts depending on the disease stage, offering new therapeutic avenues.

Keywords:
Alzheimer's diseaseAβ plaquesMicrogliageneticsneurofibrillary tanglestranscriptomics.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a leading neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and tau tangles.
  • Current AD therapies targeting these hallmarks have shown limited success.
  • Microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, are increasingly recognized as key contributors to AD pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of microglia's role in Alzheimer's Disease.
  • To explore the stage-dependent functions of microglia in AD.
  • To highlight recent advancements in studying microglia in AD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on microglia in AD.
  • Analysis of genetic and gene expression profiling studies.
  • Inclusion of insights from novel imaging techniques.

Main Results:

  • Microglia exhibit distinct transcriptomic signatures associated with neurodegeneration.
  • Subpopulations of microglia are found clustered around Aβ plaques.
  • The effects of microglia in AD can be either beneficial or detrimental, varying with disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Microglia's role in AD is complex and stage-dependent.
  • Understanding microglia dynamics is crucial for developing effective AD therapies.
  • Future research should focus on modulating microglial functions for therapeutic benefit.