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Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Assessing Dyslexia at Six Year of Age
15:00

Assessing Dyslexia at Six Year of Age

Published on: May 1, 2020

8.7K

Reading comprehension in dyslexic schoolchildren after an intervention program.

Ligia Zanella Martins1, Maria Silvia Cárnio1

  • 1Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - USP - São Paulo (SP), Brasil.

Codas
|February 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A Speech-language Pathology (SLP) program significantly improved reading comprehension in dyslexic students. The program utilized the Cloze technique and reading comprehension questions, enhancing both skills and reading motivation.

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Area of Science:

  • Speech-language Pathology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Developmental dyslexia affects reading comprehension in schoolchildren.
  • Targeted interventions are crucial for improving literacy skills in students with dyslexia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a Speech-language Pathology (SLP) program for dyslexic students.
  • To assess the program's impact on reading comprehension and motivation.

Main Methods:

  • Eleven 4th and 5th graders with dyslexia participated in a 16-session SLP program.
  • The program incorporated texts adapted with the Cloze technique and reading comprehension/orthography tasks.
  • Reading comprehension was assessed pre- and post-intervention using standardized tests.

Main Results:

  • Students demonstrated significant improvements in filling Cloze technique blanks and answering reading comprehension questions.
  • Overall reading comprehension levels increased post-program.
  • Participants showed enhanced motivation towards reading.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SLP program effectively improved reading comprehension in dyslexic students.
  • The Cloze technique and reading comprehension questions served as valuable assessment and intervention tools.
  • This study validates a specific remediation program for dyslexia, combining text adaptation with diverse literacy tasks.