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Fine-tuning the Size and Minimizing the Noise of Solid-state Nanopores
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Comparing Current Noise in Biological and Solid-State Nanopores.

Alessio Fragasso1, Sonja Schmid1, Cees Dekker1

  • 1Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience , Delft University of Technology , Van der Maasweg 9 , 2629 HZ Delft , The Netherlands.

ACS Nano
|February 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanopore sensing noise limits resolution, but solid-state nanopores offer high signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). Controlled translocation speed significantly boosts SNR for advanced bioanalytical applications.

Keywords:
DNA sequencingbiological nanoporesbiosensorsion current noisesignal-to-noise ratiosingle-molecule detectionsolid-state nanoporestranslocation

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Nanopores are crucial for single-molecule bioanalytical sensing and sequencing.
  • Detection relies on ionic current changes as biomolecules pass through.
  • Current noise limits signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and experimental time resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review noise sources in nanopore recordings.
  • To compare biological and solid-state nanopores based on SNR.
  • To discuss methods for improving nanopore sensing performance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of low and high-frequency noise physics in nanopore recordings.
  • Comparative measurement of ssDNA translocation through biological and solid-state nanopores.
  • Analysis of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) under typical experimental conditions.

Main Results:

  • Silicon nitride (SiN) solid-state nanopores exhibit the highest SNR.
  • High operating currents and low high-frequency noise contribute to superior SNR in SiN nanopores.
  • Controlled slowdown of translocation speed, demonstrated with MspA, can increase SNR over 160-fold.

Conclusions:

  • Solid-state nanopores, particularly SiN, offer promising high SNR for nanopore sensing.
  • Optimizing translocation speed is critical for enhancing SNR and enabling new applications.
  • Reducing noise is key for advancing nanopore technology for bioanalysis and sequencing.