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Ocean acidification impacts polonium (Po) uptake in microalgae. Thalassiosira weissflogi showed the highest uptake, while Dunaliella salina had the lowest, with significant differences across pH levels. Further research is needed to understand the effects on marine food chains.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Oceanography

Background:

  • Ocean acidification (OA), a consequence of climate change, alters marine trace metal distribution.
  • Polonium (Po) is a naturally occurring radioactive element with implications for marine ecosystems.
  • Understanding Po dynamics in microalgae is crucial for assessing marine food web impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the uptake rates of polonium-209 (²⁰⁹Po) and concentrations of polonium-210 (²¹⁰Po) in five microalgae species.
  • To assess the influence of different pH levels, simulating current and future climate change scenarios, on polonium dynamics.
  • To provide the first experimental data on polonium uptake and concentration in microalgae under varying pH conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study conducted with five microalgae species at three pH levels: 8.2, 8.0, and 7.5.
  • Replicate experiments were performed to measure ²⁰⁹Po uptake rates and ²¹⁰Po concentrations.
  • Statistical analysis was used to determine the significance of differences among species and pH treatments.

Main Results:

  • ²⁰⁹Po uptake was highest in Thalassiosira weissflogi (83% at pH 8.2) and lowest in Dunaliella salina (20% at pH 7.5).
  • ²¹⁰Po concentrations ranged from 3.16 ± 0.03 to 11.6 ± 0.04 Bq kg⁻¹ ww, with highest levels in T. weissflogi at pH 8.2 and lowest in D. salina at pH 7.5.
  • Significant differences (p < 0.001) in ²⁰⁹Po uptake and ²¹⁰Po concentration were observed among species and pH treatments, following the order: T. weissflogi > T. suecica > C. muelleri > I. galbana > D. salina and pH 8.2 > 8.0 > 7.5.

Conclusions:

  • Microalgae species exhibit varying capacities for polonium uptake and concentration, influenced by pH.
  • Lower pH conditions correlated with higher seawater ²⁰⁹Po concentrations.
  • Further investigation is required to differentiate between adsorbed and absorbed polonium fractions and their impact on marine food chain transfer under climate change.