Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

5.1K
An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
5.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Spotlight on EHRA 2026: illuminating arrhythmia management.

European heart journal·2026
Same author

Risk factors of atrial fibrillation progression in patients with congenital heart disease.

Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society·2026
Same author

Mapping of atrial fibrillation: lessons learnt.

Indian pacing and electrophysiology journal·2026
Same author

Prognostic value of left atrial strain in ACHD patients with right-sided cardiac pathology.

Open heart·2026
Same author

Left bundle branch pacing in anatomically repaired congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries: a case report.

European heart journal. Case reports·2026
Same author

Characterization of radiofrequency ablation lesions by high-density unipolar, bipolar and omnipolar voltage mapping.

Heart rhythm·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Programmed Electrical Stimulation in Mice
07:29

Programmed Electrical Stimulation in Mice

Published on: May 26, 2010

21.1K

Impact of atrial programmed electrical stimulation techniques on unipolar electrogram morphology.

Paul Knops1, Corina Schram-Serban1, Lisette van der Does1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology
|February 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Atrial programmed electrical stimulation (APES) significantly alters unipolar atrial electrogram (U-AEGM) morphology, especially in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Fixed-rate stimulation with extra stimuli proved most effective in revealing these conduction abnormalities.

Keywords:
atrial fibrillationatrial programmed electrical stimulationconduction abnormalities

More Related Videos

Optimization of Transesophageal Atrial Pacing to Assess Atrial Fibrillation Susceptibility in Mice
08:05

Optimization of Transesophageal Atrial Pacing to Assess Atrial Fibrillation Susceptibility in Mice

Published on: June 29, 2022

3.3K
Electrophysiological Assessment of Murine Atria with High-Resolution Optical Mapping
08:19

Electrophysiological Assessment of Murine Atria with High-Resolution Optical Mapping

Published on: February 22, 2018

10.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Programmed Electrical Stimulation in Mice
07:29

Programmed Electrical Stimulation in Mice

Published on: May 26, 2010

21.1K
Optimization of Transesophageal Atrial Pacing to Assess Atrial Fibrillation Susceptibility in Mice
08:05

Optimization of Transesophageal Atrial Pacing to Assess Atrial Fibrillation Susceptibility in Mice

Published on: June 29, 2022

3.3K
Electrophysiological Assessment of Murine Atria with High-Resolution Optical Mapping
08:19

Electrophysiological Assessment of Murine Atria with High-Resolution Optical Mapping

Published on: February 22, 2018

10.4K

Area of Science:

  • Electrophysiology
  • Cardiology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Intra-atrial conduction abnormalities are linked to atrial fibrillation (AF) development.
  • These abnormalities manifest as changes in unipolar atrial electrogram (U-AEGM) morphology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of various atrial programmed electrical stimulation (APES) protocols on U-AEGM morphology.
  • To identify the optimal APES protocol for provoking conduction abnormalities indicative of AF.

Main Methods:

  • 14 APES protocols were applied to 30 patients undergoing electrophysiology studies.
  • U-AEGM width, amplitude, and fractionation were analyzed during APES in patients with and without AF history.
  • Sinus rhythm U-AEGMs were compared to assess morphology stability.

Main Results:

  • U-AEGM morphology remained stable in sinus rhythm across protocols.
  • Atrial refractoriness was significantly longer in the AF group.
  • APES induced significant U-AEGM morphological changes, particularly in the AF group, with fixed-rate stimulation and extra stimuli showing the most pronounced effects.

Conclusions:

  • APES significantly alters U-AEGM morphology, with variations based on protocol and patient AF status.
  • These findings suggest APES is a valuable tool for identifying individual AF-related conduction abnormalities.