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Glaucoma: Overview01:25

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Iris Fixation via External Pentagram Suturing
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Primary megalocornea: Case report.

A de Sousa Veiga1, N Nunes Rabelo1, W Duarte Batista1

  • 1Centro de Referencia de Glaucoma y Cataratas, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Brasil.

Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia
|February 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Megalocornea is a rare X-linked disorder causing enlarged corneas in infants. This case highlights diagnostic and follow-up for this condition and its differential diagnoses.

Keywords:
Congenital glaucomaEnfermedades genéticas ligadas al cromosoma XGlaucoma congénitoMalformaciones del sistema nerviosoMegalocorneaMegalocórneaNervous system malformationX-linked genetic diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Neonatal cornea horizontal diameter is typically up to 10mm, growing 2mm in the first two years.
  • Megalocornea is a rare, X-linked recessive disorder characterized by enlarged corneas.

Observation:

  • A 3-month-old infant presented with symptoms suggestive of megalocornea.

Findings:

  • This case report reviews the medical literature on megalocornea.
  • It details diagnostic parameters and follow-up strategies for megalocornea.
  • Key differential diagnoses for megalocornea are also discussed.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for infants with suspected megalocornea.
  • Understanding differential diagnoses aids in accurate patient assessment.
  • Further research into X-linked recessive disorders like megalocornea is warranted.