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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

1.3K
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

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Overview
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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Antigen Processing Pathways01:31

Antigen Processing Pathways

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MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
MHC Class I: Presenting Endogenous...
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The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

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Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
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Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

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Common innate pathways to autoimmune disease.

David Langan1, Noel R Rose2, Kamal D Moudgil1

  • 1University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America; Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.

Clinical Immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
|February 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The innate immune system, trained immunity, and microbiome dysbiosis are key to understanding autoimmune diseases. New technologies aid in identifying therapeutic targets for immune-mediated disorders.

Keywords:
Autoimmune diseaseAutoimmunityAutoinflammatory diseaseInflammationInnate immunityTrained immunity

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Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmunity
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Autoimmune disease research traditionally focused on the adaptive immune system.
  • Recent discoveries highlight the critical role of the innate immune system in autoimmunity pathogenesis.
  • Concepts like trained immunity and microbiome dysbiosis are crucial for susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on innate immunity in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases.
  • To highlight paradigm-shifting concepts and novel therapeutic targets.
  • To discuss advancements presented at the AARDA 2019 colloquium.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific findings and colloquium discussions.
  • Application of modern technologies like quantum dot (Qdot) systems.
  • Utilizing 'Omics' data processing (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics).

Main Results:

  • Elucidation of the innate immune system's role in autoimmunity.
  • Understanding the impact of trained immunity and microbiome dysbiosis.
  • Identification of novel therapeutic targets through advanced technologies.

Conclusions:

  • New developments in innate immune pathways enhance understanding of autoimmune diseases.
  • Advances offer improved management strategies for immune-mediated disorders.
  • Integrated approaches using 'Omics' and new technologies are vital.